The objectives of this study was to assess feed resources, feeding practices and farmers perceived causes of feed shortage and coping strategies to feed scarcity in smallholder dairy producers in jimma town, oromia regional state, ethiopia. In order to attain sustainable production and productivity of the wealth livestock, improved forage production in quality and quantity is highly important. Thus, this manual is intended to provide training to extension workers and through them to smallholder dairy farmers a basic skill related to forage production and management. However, due to high seasonal variation of rainfall in the area, it is difficult to produce herbage dry matter yield of more than 2. Ethiopian naturally fermented milk, which is the basis of traditional fermented milk products. Improved forage production is largely depending on the improved seed production system. The main source of feed is both home produced and purchased hay and the primary objective is to get additional cash income from milk sale. Review on challenges and opportunities sheep production.
This sector owns most of the countrys improved dairy stock 14. Increasing the yield, quality and preservation of fodder. The main forage species widely produced in the study area were elephant grass, vetch, oat, rhodes grass, sesbania, dasho grass and leucaena with their decreasing order of availability. Improving dairy production through increased forage production is limited in ethiopia due to, among other factors, poor extension and training. Enhancing the productivity of livestock production in. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perception of farmers on improved fodder and quantify the effects of improved fodder in livestock performance, forage yield and quality of intercropped oatvetch and. Other managers use brushweed control and grazing management for maximum sustained forage production. Improved forage production by smallholders in ethiopia snvedget practice brief 2 july 2017 the demand for milk products far outstrips supply in urban and periurban areas of ethiopia, making milk production an attractive livelihood option for many smallholder farmers. Dairy production in ethiopia existing scenario and. Determinants of improved forages adoption in doyogena. The district is among the highland area delineated as dairy shed area due to their comparative potential for improved dairy production.
Training report on forage production, feed management and. Development project in ethiopia, for which credit 1782et in the amount of sdr 32. Late season rains on the other hand usually produce higher forage yields although sometimes limit the number of livestock that can safely graze a wet spring pasture. Determinants of adoption of improved forage technologies in croplivestock mixed systems.
Lemubilbilo district is located about 235 km southeast of the capital addis ababa. Eshetu yimer usaidakldp and teklu kidane ilri, 15 december 2015 photo credit. It is essential to improve fodder production by efficiently and effectively utilizing the available resources of land, water, and other sources for improved milk and meat production for future food security of huge population of the country. Full length research improved forage crops production strategies in ethiopia. The rains also improved water and pasture availability in many areas.
Livestock feed resources in ethiopia are mainly natural grazing and browse, crop residues, improved pasture, forage crops and agroindustrial byproducts. Farmers utilization practice, yield and chemical composition of. The food security situation, however, remained of concern in areas that received inadequate seasonal rains especially the southern and south eastern lowlands. Practices to improve beef cattle efficiency fsa3060. Lessons from fourth livestock development project article pdf available december 2017 with 2,472 reads how we measure reads. The contribution of haramaya university and vice president, dr. Improved forage crops production strategies in ethiopia academic.
Natural pasture is a forage but is not grown as a crop, so is termed forage, not a forage crop. There are various strategies to integrate forage crops into croplivestock farming system in ethiopia. To sustain livestock and crop production in ethiopia. This summer production can provide a source of stored forage for the winter months or fed to bridge the summer slump period of other cool season grass species.
Improved forages are generally managed in monoculture stands. Forage production is very low during periods of drought or in years when most of the rainfall occurs at the beginning of the season. Improved forage crops production strategies in ethiopia. Improved forage production practice and challenges in. Forage crops are plants which, when grown as a crop, have been found to produce high yields of plant material, which are also high in nutrients suitable for livestock requirements for maintenance and production. This production system is now expanding in the highlands. Empowering smallholder farmers through sustainable forage production systems, improved animal feed supply chains, and economic opportunities in livestock and poultry production. Once the goals of the ranch written down and placed somewhere fertilized to improve yield and forage wasteful. Determinants of adoption of improved forages in selected districts of. Only alternative is to increase the fodder production with in the limited area.
Pdf ab stract this paper summarizes the forage production program of the fourth livestock development project implemented in ethiopia. Demeka zuria peasant association was selected for on farm participatory evaluation of improved legume forage species in collaboration with woreda pastoral. Production constraints, farmers preferences andrm evaluation of improved forage technologies in selected districts of southern ethiopia production constraints, farmers preferences and participatory on farm evaluation of improved forage technologies. Overview of improved forage and forage seed production in ethiopia. Because of the low productivity of the agricultural sector, ethiopia has become highly dependent on food. Historically, improving forage seed production, distribution and promotion have been. The determinants of probability in improved forage. Various federal, regional and international stakeholders from the public, private and ngos sectors were integral to the development of the strategy, which will be in effect. Assessment of feed resources, feeding practices and coping. Characterization of feeding systems in ethiopia with a. A study on the perception and utilization of improved forages grown in natural resource conservation areas was conducted in selected districts of northwestern ethiopia. Ethiopia, csa data at different time periods cited by 28.
Farmers perception and utilization status of improved forages grown in the natural resource areas of northwestern ethiopia. Agriculture in ethiopia is the foundation of the countrys economy, accounting for half of gross domestic product gdp, 83. Challenges, opportunities and available good practices. Livestock feed resources in ethiopia are mainly obtained from natural and improved pastures, crop residues, forage crops, agroindustrial byproducts and nonconventional feeds csa 2012.
Production system feed resources sheep ethiopia introduction according to tembely 6 reported that small ethiopia is believed to be the first in livestock farmers in rural communities comparing to other livestock. Agronomic, yield and quality performance evaluation of. Livestock feed shortage 88% and water shortage 12% was the major problem in the study. During the cooking various spices are added to improve its flavour. Pdf production constraints, farmers preferences andrm. The study was conducted with the objectives of identifying the major constraints and opportunities in the production and utilization of improved forages in east gojjam zone, amhara region, ethiopia in case of enebsie sar midr district. All respond to fertility with increased production that results in less acreage per animal unit. The major constraints for improved forage adoption in the study area was a shortage of land 28. Although area coverage for teff continues to increase. However, feed shortage is a major constraint to dairy production. Challenge, extension, forage, improved, practice, production. Pdf there are various strategies to integrate forage crops into croplivestock farming system in ethiopia.
Participatory on farm evaluation and demonstration of. The contribution of these feed resources, however, depends up on the agroecology, the type of crop produced, accessibility and production system seyoum et. Improve soil fertility through nitrogen fixationleaf drop. Improved fodder production combined with appropriate postharvest handling practices have been practiced to alleviate the problems. Rudolf fombad, food and agriculture organization of the united nations, sub regional office for eastern africa faosfe, addis ababa, ethiopia, pp 81. The program has identified five preferred cultivars, and four of them are currently being evaluated onfarm by over 2000 smallholder farmers in kenya and rwanda for livestock productivity. The effect of improved fodder production on livestock. Survey on constraints of improved forage adoption in. Seed system development strategy for ethiopia released ata. Survey on constraints of improved forage adoption in anelemo. Smallholder dairy production is increasingly becoming popular in jimma town. Rising demand is driven by a combination of factors including.
The rationale to hold a conference on forage seed research and development is aimed at isolating issues that are pertinent. Summer production teff can be planted in late spring and be cut multiple times during the hot summer months. Forage seed production and quality in ethiopia getnetgetnet assefa, gezahegn kebede and fekede feyssiaassefa, gezahegn kebede and fekede feyssia 39339939. A product obtained after most of the moisture content of butter is removed by cooking at high temperatures. Forage seed production and distribution forage seed production and multiplication through farmers research group in adami tulu and arsinegelle districts abule ebro1, tadesse assefa,2 kebede teshome1 and belete shenkute1 1 adami tulu agricultural research center, oromia agricultural research institute, p. Ethiopia stands first in africa and tenth in the world in its livestock population. Forage seed production and multiplication through farmers. Pdf overview of improved forage and forage seed production in.
Agronomic, yield and quality performance evaluation of improved vetch varietiesaccessions at the highland of guji zone bore, ethiopia semman et al. Landholding and landuse systems in the study area, the main landholding systems are communal and private holdings systems with different landuse systems. Preliminary milk production data has shown a 15 to 40% increase in milk. Economic feasibility of cultivated forage crops and improved pasture hay production in the central ethiopian highlands. The blank space indicates that data is not available. A working seed system development strategy was released in september 2016 by the ministry of agriculture and natural resources moanr through the facilitation of the agricultural transformation agency ata. Pdf improved forage crops production strategies in ethiopia. Forage production challenges such as shrinking of grazing land, moisture stress of recurrent drought, lack of awareness, poor attention given for improved forage production, poor access and distribution of improved forage varieties suitable for the area.
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